Abstract
Wireless sensor technologies can be used by intelligent transportation systems to provide innovative services that lead to improvements in road safety and congestion, increasing end-user satisfaction. In this article, we address vehicle routing with backup provisioning, where the possibility of reacting to overloading/overcrowding of vehicles at certain stops is considered. This is based on the availability of vehicle load information, which can be captured using wireless sensor technologies. After discussing the infrastructure and monitoring tool, the problem is mathematically formalized, and a heuristic algorithm using local search procedures is proposed. Results show that planning routes with backup provisioning can allow fast response to overcrowding while reducing costs. Therefore, sustainable urban mobility, with efficient use of resources, can be provided while increasing the quality of service perceived by users.
Highlights
With today’s technologies, demographic changes leading people to larger cities and the permanent concern with our natural resources, such as energy, it is inevitable that we seek for ways to improve our cities
We extend such work as follows: (i) a mathematical formalization of the vehicle routing with the backup provisioning problem is provided; this allows for a better understanding of the problem, giving us clues on how to improve the heuristic approach; (ii) local search procedures are proposed to improve the performance of the heuristic discussed in [6], which uses a greedy strategy when searching for the best solution, possibly getting local optimal solutions; (iii) a monitoring tool, to which data collected from vehicles is forwarded, is presented together with the infrastructure for data collection; this monitoring tool allows relevant data for route computation to be available while serving as a visualization platform
Note that our work on vehicle routing with backup provisioning does not require real-time tracking of vehicles since these communicate with the station when stopped
Summary
With today’s technologies, demographic changes leading people to larger cities and the permanent concern with our natural resources, such as energy, it is inevitable that we seek for ways to improve our cities. We look into ways of improving transportation networks by planning vehicle routes that include the possibility of reacting to overloading/overcrowding of vehicles at critical stops It is assumed that vehicles incorporate two passive infrared sensors (PIRs) at each entrance/exit, to sense movement and determine direction, and are able to send such information to a collector node that sends data to a monitoring platform Such vehicle load information is used to plan routes in such a way that backup can be provided to critical stops, in the case of overcrowding.
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