Abstract
This paper proposes the planning of hybrid micro-hydro and solar photovoltaic system for rural areas of Central Java, Indonesia. The Indonesian government has paid great attention to the development of renewable energy sources, especially solar and hydropower. One area that has a high potential for both types of energy is the province of Central Java, located on the island of Java, Indonesia. In this research, we conduct field research to determine the ideal capacity of solar and micro-hydro hybrid power plants, electricity load analysis, and optimal design of hybrid power plants. Data on the potential of micro-hydro plants are obtained by direct measurement on the Ancol Bligo irrigation channel located in Bligo village, Ngluwar district, Magelang regency, Central Java province, Indonesia. Data on solar power potential were obtained from NASA’s database for solar radiation in the Central Java region. Hydropower potential data include channel length, debit, heads, and power potential in irrigation channels originating from rivers. These data are used to design an optimal hybrid power plant. The method used to obtain the optimal design of a hybrid power plant system is based on the analysis of capital costs, grid sales, cost of energy, and net present cost. Based on the parameters of the analysis, the composition of the optimal generator for the on-grid scheme to the distribution network can be determined. The results showed that hybrid power plants were able to meet the needs of electrical energy in the villages around the power plant and that the excess energy could be sold to national electricity providers.
Highlights
At present, the power plants used in Indonesia, and even in the world, generally still use fossil fuel power plants, namely, coal and oil [1, 2]
We report a survey of electricity loads in Bligo village, Ngluwar district, Magelang regency, Central Java province, Indonesia
Based on population data from the Central Statistics Agency of Magelang, in Bligo village, there are 1023 electricity customers for households. e data of 1023 electricity customers are used as a reference to which solar and micro-hydro hybrid power plants will supply electrical energy. e peak load in Bligo village is 337 kW, which occurred in August
Summary
The power plants used in Indonesia, and even in the world, generally still use fossil fuel power plants, namely, coal and oil [1, 2]. In Indonesia, until the end of 2017, power plants derived from fossil fuels amounted to 96% of the total national generating capacity [3]. E fossil fuel consists of 18% gas, 30% coal, and 48% oil. Air pollution, global warming, and climate anomalies are negative impacts resulting from the use of fossil fuel power plants. Based on these factors, a power plant that is derived from renewable energy sources is developed, for example, hydro, solar, geothermal, wind, biomass, and so on. It is necessary to increase technology and the willingness of various parties to make it happen, so that electricity costs become competitive compared to fossil energy [4, 5]
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