Abstract
Planning of conservation measures for watershed management and development is the method of preparing and implementing plans in different projects to maintain and raise watershed management functions which otherwise affect the plants, animal and human communities inside watershed boundary. The geospatial technologies like remote sensing and GIS, GPS are useful for fast and cost effective study of different applications with accuracy in planning. It also gives a good quality perspective for understanding the problems and therefore useful for planners for better result for sustainable water resource development and management. The main focus of the study is to develop the land and water resource development plan and environmental management for groundwater recharge development using Geospatial technology in Patur watershed which is situated in Akola district of Maharashtra. In this study various types of thematic maps have been generated from satellite images using remote sensing and GIS technology. These thematic maps were prepared from different types of data sets like IRS- LISS-III multispectral images, SRTM data with 30 m resolution and Survey of India Toposheet. The thematic maps for GIS analysis were created by image processing of the raw data using geospatial technology. A particular importance is laid on the planning of conservation measures for land and water resources management plan mainly based on the land use/ land cover, geology, geomorphology and slope of the Patur watershed area. The planning conservation activity should be important for ecological development and management at the forest area in the Patur watershed. From the final output of these study different conservation measures/structures like recharge wells, farm ponds, CNB, gully plug, CCT and other soil and water conservation structures have been suggested for groundwater recharge development, environmental management and to control soil erosion from the watershed area with reference to remote sensing and GIS data compared with ground truth.
Highlights
A watershed is defined as natural Hydrologic unit that covers a precise area of land surface from which rainfall in the form of runoff flows to a definite drainage, stream or river at any point[1, 14]
In this study procedure was adopted for planning of conservation measures for watershed development plan.The satellite images data 2017 were downloaded from the National Remote Sensing Center[16].To escape spectral confusions and errors in change detection, satellite images taken in similar periods had to be selected; satellite images have been acquired in the month of March and April for natural resource mapping
About 60.26, 1.82, 15.86, 20.94 and 1.12 % of the areas are covered by Agricultural,Builtup land, Forest, Wastelands and Waterbody (Table 1).In this watershed most of the people utilize the land for agricultural purposes.This current study area was covered by dense forest with hilly terrain area.This study proves that integration of Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technologies are very effective tools for land use classes and for preparing watershed development plan12,16 . and[10] Geology and Geomorphologic Study
Summary
A watershed is defined as natural Hydrologic unit that covers a precise area of land surface from which rainfall in the form of runoff flows to a definite drainage, stream or river at any point[1, 14]. About 82 % of people reside in the rural areas and depend on the natural resources of land and water for day-to-day livelihood[8].The study of population blast in rural part tempered with restricted information on agricultural ‘good practices’ implies more land degradation, higher poverty levels and health problems. This situation demands for prudent management of available resources, both natural and man-made, especially watersheds and wetlands. The present study is delineated by Geospatial technology to propose different conservation structures and rainwater harvesting activity in order to propose watershed development plan for Patur watershed covering 3857.99(Ha) of the Akola district in the Maharashtra state of India
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