Abstract
The cloud energy storage system (CES) is a shared distributed energy storage resource. The random disordered charging and discharging of large-scale distributed energy storage equipment has a great impact on the power grid. This paper solves two problems. On one hand, to present detailed plans for designing an orderly controlled CES system in a realistic power system. On the other hand, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used for analyzing the load curves of five types of distributed energy storage systems to manage and operate the CES system. A method of its planning and the principles of CES for applied in a power grid, are presented by analyzing the impact based on five load curves including the electric vehicle (EV), the ice storage system, the demand response, the heat storage system, and the decentralized electrochemical energy storage system. The MCS simulates the random charging and discharging of the system over a five-year planned scaling of distributed energy storage from 2021 through 2025. The influence of distributed energy storage systems on power grid capacity, load characteristics, and safety margins is researched to summarize the applicable fields of CES in supporting large power grids. Finally, important conclusions are summarized and other research possibilities in this field are presented. This paper represents a significant reference for planners.
Highlights
Power systems will operate with a high proportion of renewable energy, which needs more flexible operational resources to compensate for power imbalances that are currently scarce
We model the electric vehicle (EV), ice storage system, distributed energy storage based on demand response and electrochemical energy storage system in different application scenarios
We present the trading capacity matching method of day-ahead and intraday markets, in which appointments are made for each scenario in the day-ahead market after uploading the supply and demand capacities and quoted energy storage suppliers, including electricity/hot/cold energy storage suppliers, and two or three energy storage demands at the same time
Summary
Power systems will operate with a high proportion of renewable energy, which needs more flexible operational resources to compensate for power imbalances that are currently scarce. Significant intermittence in renewable resources for power systems causes great changes in real-time price, and so requires energy storage to balance power. Distributed, shared energy storage technology has high application value and will be an important and widely used resource in future power systems. Large-scale, pumped-storage power stations are the main energy storage resource in power systems, with costs lower than those of battery energy storage systems. High cost causes a scarcity applied battery energy storage technology in power grids. To reduce the cost of energy storage services, cloud energy storage (CES) technology, presented in [1,2], is one strategy for centralizing all distributed energy storage devices from consumers into a cloud service center, as virtual energy storage capacity, instead of real devices
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