Planning and organization of decentralized systems water supply in the war time in Ukraine

Abstract

Centralized water supply systems have proven to be quite vulnerable during military operations, so it is important to develop a sound concept of decentralized water supply aimed at providing the population with drinking water in the absence of centralized water supply. Decentralized water supply is a system that includes sources of quality water, transport and water distribution systems to consumers.
 Groundwater or centralized water supply systems can be used as sources of water supply. Water from natural sources mainly needs purification. Cleaning systems can be stationary, container-type or mobile. Despite a fairly wide range of such systems, not all of them can be effectively applied in real conditions. An analysis of the market of vehicles for water delivery revealed a significant shortage of specialized water-carrying tanker trucks. This situation increases the demand for water delivery systems on non-specialized transport, which actually provides all the advantages of specialized truck tankers with a simultaneous reduction in the cost of transportation through the use of on-board bodies. Water distribution can be carried out both from water trucks and from stationary tanks installed in public or residential buildings.
 Operational and efficient organization of decentralized water supply is possible only on the basis of a geospatial plan, which includes the determination of water supply sources, the number and type of water treatment systems, optimal locations of water distribution points, the number of water transport vehicles and water delivery routes.