Abstract
Mountain lakes are thought to be sensitive to environmental changes, and bacterioplankton in these lakes may be suitable for monitoring the effects of global climate change. In this chapter, we discuss characteristics of the environmental conditions and bacterioplankton communities in mountain lakes, by integrating the results of our survey conducted in Japanese mountain lakes with the knowledge from previous studies. Mountain lakes have some characteristics, which can affect bacterioplankton communities significantly. There are some taxonomic groups of bacteria dominant in mountain lakes, such as the genus Polynucleobacter. These groups are also abundant in freshwater environments in low altitudes and regarded as cosmopolitans widely distributed in global freshwater environments. For some of these bacteria, their dominance in mountain lakes can be partially explained by their physiological characteristics. In addition to the environmental filtering illustrated by the dominance of these bacteria, community assembly of bacterioplankton in mountain lakes may also be regulated by other processes, including dispersal limitation and evolutionary constraint.
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