Abstract
A planar superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer consisting of a parallel gradiometer SQUID with integrated input coils connected to an on-chip pickup loop was designed and fabricated in conventional niobium technology. SQUID bootstrap circuitry (SBC) incorporating suitable current and voltage feedbacks was also integrated into the design. For a SQUID inductance of Ls = 350 pH and a chip size of 5 × 5 mm2, the field resolution of the voltage-biased SQUID magnetometer reached <5 fT Hz−1/2 with the bootstrap circuit and an ordinary preamplifier. We also observed that the effective McCumber parameter βc of the junctions is influenced by the bias mode. Indeed, when the nominal junction βc was larger than unity, our SQUID magnetometer operated stably in the voltage bias mode. The device exhibited low noise even without SBC.
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