Placental site trophoblastic tumor with lung metastasis: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Placental Trophoblastic Tumor (PSTT) is a rare Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD), which is uncommon in clinical practice. Imaging examinations show no specificity, and it may metastasize to the lung, liver, vagina, or uterine adnexa. Patients with metastasis often face challenges in diagnosis, and the final diagnosis depends on histopathological examination. Lung metastasis is one of the most common sites. We describe the case of a 46-year-old female patient with PSTT and lung metastasis which mechanism is complex, without heterogeneity, but successfully treated with radical hysterectomy and postoperative chemotherapy. The case highlights: (1) The difficulty in the preoperative diagnosis of PSTT, requiring multiple tissue biopsies. (2) Imaging suggests the possibility of pulmonary metastasis, necessitating multidisciplinary management. (3) Monitoring serum β-HCG levels and the size of metastatic lesions was instructive for early diagnosis, outcome evaluation, and follow-up.