Abstract
Objective: To study epidemiological, clinical ant therapeutic aspects of placental abruption in the service of obstetrics and gynecology of regional hospital center of Ouahigouya. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study scheduled for 3 years, from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2015. Data were collected from patients’ folder, theater register and maternity delivery register. Results: We recorded 5791 deliveries, out of which 89 were placental abruption cases giving a rate of 1.54% of deliveries. The women most affected were whose with age ranging 25 - 30 years (30.33%), the nulliparous women (32.58%), the married women (83.52%) and whose with bad antenatal clinic attendance (54.6%). The clinical aspect was most often complete: nil fetal heart rate (82.00%), hypertony uterine (79.90%) and vaginal bleeding (74.20%) were the most signs found. Spontaneous vaginal delivery has been made in 64.04%. Maternal prognosis was dominated by a morbidity linked by an anemia in 53.90%. Maternal lethality was 2.20%. Fetal newborn-death was 88.80%. Conclusion: Placental abruption represents an obstetrical and medical emergency by its start of brutal installation, its unforeseeable character and its materno-fetal consequences. Only a tacking of risk populations, precocious of diagnosis and a speed management in surgical and medical unit allow improving the prognosis of this disease.
Highlights
Women health is part of World Health Organization worries (WHO) for long time and becomes the international priority today [1]
We recorded 5791 deliveries, out of which 89 were placental abruption cases giving a rate of 1.54% of deliveries
Maternal prognosis was dominated by a morbidity linked by an anemia in 53.90%
Summary
Women health is part of World Health Organization worries (WHO) for long time and becomes the international priority today [1]. Haemorrhage was the main maternal death cause (34%) followed by infections (21%), risked abortions (18%) and hypertension states (16%). The premature detachment of a normal insertion of placenta or Placental abruption is a serious complication of pregnancy occurring usually at the third trimester and involving the prognosis of mother and fetus. - In Burkina Faso: Thieba et al reported a rate of 0.96% [7]. With adoption by the government of Burkina Faso of national strategy for obstetric and neonatal emergency care sponsoring, improvements were performed.
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