Placenta Previa: Maternal and Fetal Outcome a Two Year Study

Abstract

Introduction: Placenta previa is one of the major causes of antepartum hemorrhage and a life-threatening conditionfor both the mother and the fetus. The incidence of placenta previa is 0.3 to 1% in 300 to 400 deliveries.[1] Thepresent study was done retrospectively to observe the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancies with placentaprevia.Method: The retrospective study was done from June 2019 to June 2021 to study the maternal and neonataloutcome in pregnancies with placenta previa who got admitted in Obstetrics and Gynecology department ofRajindra Hospital, Government Medical College Patiala. Detailed history, clinical examination and investigationswere evaluated and analysis was done at the end of the study.Result: Total number of deliveries during this period were 8193 out of which placenta previa was present in 210with an incidence of 2.5%.The major risk factor for placenta previa in the present study was previous LSCS in34.3% followed by previous dilatation and curettage (D&C) in 16.6%. The majority of the women 57.2% had majordegree placenta previa, out of which placenta accreta was present in 5.8%. The majority of the women 94.7% weredelivered by LSCS and 4.2% had obstetric hysterectomy, 16% had PPH intraoperatively and 1.4% needed ICU care.60% of the babies were born prematurely and 25.7% required NICU care.Conclusion: Placenta previa is a major contributor in increasing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Thepresent study showed that increasing maternal age, multiparity, previous cesarean section, previous dilatationand curettage are the risk factors for placenta previa. Placenta previa is associated with increased intraoperativeinterventions, surgical complications and maternal morbidit