Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the location and territorial concentration in agriculture. The research object is egg poultry farming, which has been one of the most stable agriculture branches in Russia for decades. The method of modified location quotients was used to analyze territorial concentration. The analysis showed that the placement of egg poultry had changed drastically in 2004–2019. Russian regions have employed opposed strategies. In many regions, egg poultry farms have been closed or repurposed. Several regions are successfully developing the industry, and egg production in these territories is several times higher than domestic needs. Ten regions of Russia with a location quotient higher than 2.0 were identified. The volume of interregional exchange is growing at a faster pace. In 2004, the regions exported 30% of the egg production, and by 2019, the share increased to 51%. Location specialization and optimization of egg farms provide economic and social benefits. With the growth of the size of enterprises, their financial stability increases. Cost-saving opportunities, increased egg production, and competition between producers in the domestic market help to hold prices down.
Highlights
In the coming decades, the world's demand for food will grow significantly [1]
The scale effect was found in many studies, in Benin by the example of egg poultry farms for 2010– 2018 [3], in Russia by the example of pig farming for 2001–2017 [4], and others
Considering the peculiarities of statistics on agriculture, it was impossible to apply the classical formula of the location quotient, which uses indicators of the average annual number of employed only
Summary
The world's demand for food will grow significantly [1]. According to the forecasts of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [2], the world population will increase to 10 billion people by 2050 or 50% compared to 2013.Currently, the primary growth in food production is driven by agricultural investment and technological innovation. The world's demand for food will grow significantly [1]. According to the forecasts of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [2], the world population will increase to 10 billion people by 2050 or 50% compared to 2013. The primary growth in food production is driven by agricultural investment and technological innovation. This is followed by an increase in the average size of enterprises and the concentration in agriculture. The growth in the production of agricultural raw materials and food is achieved through specialization and new agricultural location models. In Hungary in 2000–2010, agricultural holdings' specialization increased significantly, and regions of stable poultry farming and grape growing were formed [5]
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