Pixelated Circularly Polarized SIW Horn Antenna With Nearly Equal Beamwidths in Principal Planes

Abstract

In this paper, a circularly polarized Substrate Inte-grated Waveguide horn antenna with nearly equal beamwidths in principal planes is presented. The antenna is designed to operate at the 24 GHz ISM band. The antenna parameters enhancement is achieved using a pixelization strategy applied to its topology. For the design, a heuristic algorithm called Binary Ink Stamp optimization is exploited. The simulated proposed antenna provides a -10dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 21.4%, a 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 4.1% and a gain 9.4 dBi. A difference between half-power beamwidths in principal planes over the 24 GHz ISM band is below 1°.