Abstract
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements were conducted in a large-scale hydraulic model to obtain the horizontal velocity field of intake vortices with considerable air entrainment. Vortex wandering and air-core diameter were determined by object detection using PIV images and velocity vector maps. This allowed for the calculation of ensemble- and azimuthally-averaged velocity fields. The results of the horizontal velocity field around the vortex, whose circulation affects a wide area, confirm the applicability of the analytic solution of the 2D Navier–Stokes equation for a potential (free) vortex. The setup and the improvement of the PIV measurements and their limitations are presented. For example, a completely resolved velocity field close to the air-core did not exist due to reflections at the interface between air and water. Vortex characteristics like vorticity and circulation are derived from the velocity fields and turbulence is shown by representing in-plane Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE).
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