Abstract
This chapter focuses on 13 industries as representative of many more industries regarding the types of manufacturing processes; generation of solid wastes, air discharges, and wastewaters; strategies for pollution prevention; and waste handling, treatment, and disposal technologies. A description of the manufacturing processes is given to show the “roots” of each significant solid, airborne, and waterborne pollutant. Techniques for wastes minimization as part of an overall pollution-prevention program are discussed and methods for “end of pipe” treatment are presented in the chapter. The three processes enlisted here are common to many different industries: vapor degreasing, chemical descaling (pickling), and rinsing. Pickling is used in the metal-working industry in which acid is used to remove foreign substances from the metal surface. Vapor degreasing is used by nearly all industries that place a coating on metal as part of the manufacturing process. The process of rinsing is used by a large number of industries to remove residual substances from one manufacturing process in preparation for another.
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