Abstract
Unventilated wood-frame roofs may provide smaller roof thickness and less material use compared to conventional unventilated roofs with all the thermal insulation above the load bearing structure. Unventilated roofs are, however, normally built without wooden materials between the vapour barrier and roof membrane due to moisture safety. Field measurements on the pitched unventilated wood-frame roof of an office building in Norway is performed to demonstrate and document the performance of this type of roof construction. Through monitoring of moisture and temperature, the study aims to contribute to verification of simulations and laboratory measurements showing that unventilated wood-frame roofs may be built with wooden materials if a smart vapour barrier is used. The results show moisture levels below 15 weight-% on the warm side of the rafters throughout the first 15 months of measurements. On the cold side of the rafters, the moisture content increased during winter due to built-in moisture in the construction and reached levels close to 25 weight-%. The moisture content decreased to around 15 weight-% when summer arrived, which shows an expected redistribution of moisture and indicates possible drying of the construction. The measurements underline the importance of limiting built-in moisture to reduce the risk of mould growth, but the study also implies that for some given premises an unventilated pitched wood-frame roof may have acceptable moisture risk.
Highlights
With increased demands on energy efficiency of building envelopes, larger insulation thickness of constructions is required
The study presented in this paper aims at contributing to the field by investigating the significance of roof pitch and orientation on redistribution of moisture, as well as the functionality of unventilated wood frame roofs when applying a ventilated building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) roofing on top of the roof construction
Measurements of wooden moisture content, temperature and relative air humidity (RH) in the unventilated wood frame roof of the ZEB Laboratory have been conducted for 15 months
Summary
With increased demands on energy efficiency of building envelopes, larger insulation thickness of constructions is required. In conventional unventilated (compact) roofs (roofs where the material layers are placed as closed to each other as possible), the insulation layer is typically positioned above the structural part of the construction. To avoid a large increase in construction thickness in order to meet stricter performance criteria, choosing an unventilated wood frame roof construction, where the insulation is placed between the wooden rafters, may give a more slender construction. Unventilated wood frame roofs with thermal insulation between the rafters may give the possibility of wooden roofs with long spans and low inclinations. Unventilated roofs are normally built without organic materials because of hygrothermal risks
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