Abstract
Pitavastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that significantly reduces the plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides, while also causing modest elevation of the plasma high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) level. This statin is minimally metabolized by the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isozymes; it is glucuronized and converted to the inactive lactone form, which is also minimally metabolized by human hepatic microsomes; therefore, it is associated with a low frequency of drug interactions. Pitavastatin has also been shown to have various pleiotropic effects on platelets, monocytes/macrophages and endothelial cells. In addition, a new effect of pitavastatin of increasing the serum for adiponectin level has been reported recently. Pitavastatin has been reported to be associated with a lower frequency of adverse drug effects such as hepatic dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis, therefore, it may be judged as one of the safer among the strong statins. Several clinical trials of pitavastatin have been conducted. At present, its evaluation in actual clinical use by clinicians around the world is underway. Pitavastatin is an effective and safe drug for patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Highlights
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with disordered lipid metabolism.[1]
Pleiotropic effects Various in-vitro and in-vivo studies have suggested that pitavastatin has many pleiotropic effects; it reduces the inflammatory response[25] and generation of reactive oxygen species,[26] improves endothelial function,[27] increases nitric oxide production,[12] inhibits cell adhesion,[28] attenuates smooth muscle cell contraction,[29] increases thrombomodulin expression,[30] enhances angiogenesis,[31] promotes apolipoprotein A-I production,[32] and prevents the progression of aortic atherosclerosis.[33]
Pitavastatin has been reported to be associated with a lower frequency of adverse effects such as hepatic dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis, and there fore may be judged as one of the safer drugs among strong statins
Summary
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with disordered lipid metabolism.[1]. Comparative study with pravastatin The percent reductions of the serum LDL-C by pitavastatin 2 mg/kg/day and pravastatin 10 mg/kg/day were 38% and 18% respectively, indicating a significant difference between the effects of the two drugs.[51] The percent reductions of the serum TG by pitavastatin and pravastatin were 23% and 20% respectively, and signicant elevation of the serum HDL-C of 4 mg/dL and 5 mg/dL, respectively, was noted.
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