Abstract
The variation of the instantaneous piston frictional force and the piston ring oil film thickness was studied by experiment and theoretical analyses. The following was found: (1) A diagram of frictional force against crank angle shows not only friction loss but also oil film formation. Effects of multi-grade oil and friction modifier on the friction reduction and on the engine durability were examined. (2) Measured friction loss corresponds qualitatively with hydrodynamic theory, but does not quantitatively because of oil starvation and for other unknown reasons. This discrepancy depends on the engine size. (3) Measured piston ring oil film thickness corresponds approximately with theoretical values, if oil is sufficiently supplied. In practice, however, the piston rings prevent the supply of oil respectively. Ring inclination against the cylinder wall changes with time and also with the peripheral position.
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