Pion gravitational form factors in a relativistic theory of composite particles

A F Krutov,V E Troitsky

doi:10.1103/physrevd.103.014029

A F Krutov, V E Troitsky

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.103.014029

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Abstract

We extend our relativistic theory of electroweak properties of composite systems to describe simultaneously the gravitational form factors of hadrons. The approach is based on a version of the instant-form relativistic quantum mechanics and makes use of the modified impulse approximation. We exploit the general method of the relativistic invariant parametrizaton of local operators to write the energy-momentum tensor of a particle with an arbitrary spin. We use the obtained results to calculate the gravitational form factors of the pion assuming point-like constituent quarks. All but one parameters of our first-principle model were fixed previously in works on electromagnetic form factors. The only free parameter, $D_{q}$, is a characteristic of the gravitational form factor of a constituent quark. The derived form factors of the pion satisfy the constraints given by the general principles of the quantum field theory of hadron structure. The calculated gravitational form factors and gravitational mean-square radius are in a reasonable agreement with known results.

Highlights

The probably most fundamental information about a particle is contained in the matrix elements of its energymomentum tensor (EMT)
We extend our relativistic theory of electroweak properties of composite systems to describe simultaneously the gravitational form factors of hadrons
The approach is based on a version of the instant-form relativistic quantum mechanics and makes use of the modified impulse approximation

Summary

Introduction

The probably most fundamental information about a particle is contained in the matrix elements of its energymomentum tensor (EMT). It is clear that the gravitational form factors (GFFs) of hadrons that enter the EMT matrix elements and their dependence on the square of the momentum transfer t are in the focus of investigations (see, e.g., [1,2,3,4,5] and references therein). These form factors contain the information about the distribution of mass, spin, and internal forces inside the hadron.

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