Abstract
Illnesses caused by human pinworm remains a pediatric health problem in developing nations including Pakistan. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis in school children of four districts in Malakand region, Pakistan. Four hundred faecal specimens were screened from May 2014 to July 2017 using normal saline and Lugol Iodine solution. Twenty three (5.75%) individuals were found infected with E. vermicularis. Five children (1.25%) were infected with only E. vermicularis and eighteen (4.5%) were mixed with other helminths. E. vermicularis 23 (5.75%), hookworm 11 (2.75%), Ascaris lumbricoides 5 (1.25%), Taenia saginata 2 (0.5%) and Trichuris trichuira 4 (1%) were detected. Age wise 5-8 years were more parasitized followed by 13-15 and 9-12 years of age (0.0296, P<0.05). Male children were highly (0.06700, P<0.05) infected than female. Children in Malakand district were found more infected followed by Dir Upper, similar infection rate was noted in children of districts Lower Dir and Swat (0.0192, P<0.05). Children in primary level were highly (0.0013, P<0.05) infected than those of middle and high levels. Enterobiosis is still the most common parasitic diseases in children. Studies on enterobiosis should be conducted time by time to recognize the hazardous of such parasitic infection in remote areas of the country.
Highlights
Enterobiosis has a wide range of geographic distribution and is prevalent in developing and even in developed nations
This paper presents observation on the prevalence of pinworm infection among school children in four districts of Malakand region, Pakistan
Similar infection rate was noted in children of districts Lower Dir and Swat (0.0192, P
Summary
Enterobiosis has a wide range of geographic distribution and is prevalent in developing and even in developed nations. Intestinal enterobiosis affects more than 400 million people throughout the world. It rarely affects tropical people because its eggs cannot survive in hot dry conditions for long time (Afrakhteh et al, 2016). Larvae emerges from the ingested eggs in the duodenum and travel to the caecum to become sexually mature (Freedman et al, 1994). While egg-bearing females travel to the perianal and perineal regions, where they lay up to 11,000 eggs. The female usually return to the colon or die after laying eggs (Bogitsh et al, 2013). Eggs may be deposited on clothing and bed linen, and are subsequently either ingested or inhaled (Park et al, 2005)
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