Abstract
Processing pineapple industry produces huge amounts of waste thus contributing to worsen the global environmental problem. Valorising pineapple waste through further processing until it is transformed into valuable products using environmentally friendly techniques is both, a challenge, and an opportunity. The aim of this review is to characterize and highlight the phytochemical constituents of pineapple peel, their biological activity, and to evaluate the current state-of-art for the utilization of pineapple waste from the processing industry for obtaining pharmaceuticals, food, and beverages, biocombustibles, biodegradable fibers, and other different usage. Pineapple residues are rich in many bioactive compounds such as ferulic acid, vitamin A and C as antioxidant, and containing alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside, steroids, triterpenoids and phytosterols may provide a good source of several beneficial properties, as well as bromelain that showed significant anticancer activity. Also, pineapple processing residues contain important volatile compounds used as aroma enhancing products and have high potential to produce value-added natural essences. Pineapple peels can be used as nonpharmacological therapeutical in the form of processed food and instant drinks; its potent natural antimicrobial properties may be applied for food conservation and as potential leads to discover new drugs to control some infectious microbial. Pineapple waste is a promising source of metabolites for therapeutics, functional foods, and cosmeceutical applications.
Highlights
IntroductionIt directly represents the enormous challenge of pineapple waste disposal, which will further lead to environmental pollution if not successfully used [11]
Pineapple residues are rich in many bioactive compounds such as ferulic acid, vitamin A and C as antioxidant, and containing alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside, steroids, triterpenoids and phytosterols may provide a good source of several beneficial properties, as well as bromelain that showed significant anticancer activity
This study reviews pineapple peel as becomes a profitable by-product, given its unique aroma, abundant volatile compounds, and nutritional values and the processing of waste into food and other application
Summary
It directly represents the enormous challenge of pineapple waste disposal, which will further lead to environmental pollution if not successfully used [11] Due to their pleasant aroma and its attractive sweet flavour, pineapple is widely consumed fresh, canned, in processed juices, and as an ingredient in exotic foods [12], and its derived products are popular. Wastes derived from food processing are identified as major resources for the bio-based processes development [19] [20] and a sustainable use of these food by-products to produce value-added products (as chemicals, materials, and fuels) could contribute to reduce environmental concerns and improvement of economic growth.
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