Pilot test of a tailored intervention to improve apprentice safety in small construction companies

Abstract

BackgroundApprentices within construction have an increased risk of occupational injuries. In Denmark apprentices alternate between periods at school and extensive periods at training companies where they are employed during their education. Owner-managers are pivotal in securing safe working conditions for apprentices in training companies. MethodA tailored intervention aimed at creating safe training companies by targeting owner-managers was developed through an iterative process. The intervention included both active work environment factors (a checklist approach based on a gold standard aided by specific tools) and motivational factors (assistance with mandatory systematic health and safety obligations, access to promotional materials and an option to get a free visit from a health and safety advisor) designed to motivate companies to participate. The intervention was pilot tested in a non-randomized controlled design to examine recruitment, implementation and effect. Results67% of the training companies that were invited to participate accepted and 58% completed the intervention. At least one tool was used by 71% of the companies and there was a significant increase in the safety level of the training companies from baseline to follow-up. The intervention group reported non-significantly fewer injuries during the intervention period than the control group. Minor improvements were measured in safety climate in the intervention group and significant differences between the intervention and control group were found for 2 out of 7 safety climate measures at follow-up. ConclusionIt may be feasible to prevent apprentice injuries by targeting owner-managers and the existing norms and practices in training companies.