Pilot Study on Documentation Skills: Is There Adequate Training in Emergency Medicine Residency?

Abstract

Thorough and accurate documentation in the medical record is important, and documentation skills should be an integral component of emergency medicine (EM) residency training. We sought to study the documentation skills of EM residents as they relate to emergency department (ED) reimbursement. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. We reviewed all charts of patients presenting to the adult ED during a 2-week period. We compared three groups: patients seen primarily by an EM resident, patients seen primarily by a physician assistant (PA), and patients seen primarily by an attending emergency physician. Outcome measures were the incidence of downcodes and dollars lost to downcodes in all groups. There were 212 patients in the resident group, 683 patients in the PA group, and 437 patients in the attending group. There were 12 downcodes (5.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.96-9.70) in the resident group, 10 downcodes (1.5%, 95% CI 0.70-2.68) in the PA group, and 17 downcodes (3.9%, 95% CI 2.28-6.14) in the attending group (p = 0.002). The mean dollar lost per patient seen in the resident group was $3.21 (95% CI 1.41-5.00); $0.91 (95% CI 0.33-1.49) in the PA group; and $2.23 (95% CI 1.17-3.28) in the attending group (p = 0.002). Charts documented primarily by EM residents were more likely to be downcoded than charts documented primarily by PAs or ED attendings. This downcode rate resulted in a greater loss of revenue in the resident group. We believe this represents an area for improvement in EM residency education.