Abstract
New classes of clay based materials mainly for the use as catalysts and molecular sieves have been developed recently by the intercalation of metal complex cations with smectite clay minerals. By controlling the surface chemical equilibrium, interlamellar swelling or reactant pair proximity in the interlayer regions, the selectivity of both the metal catalyzed and proton catalyzed chemical conversions in clay intercalates can often be regulated. The intercalation of poly-nuclear hydroxy metal cations and metal cluster cations in smectite affords new pillared clay catalysts with pore sizes that can be made larger than those of conventional zeolites. In the present paper, a review has been presented on the preparations, properties and different applications of pillared clays.
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