Abstract
The behavior of laterally loaded piles could be simulated by the subgrade reaction model. The primary soil parameter for this model is the subgrade reaction modulus, and in this paper, the correlation between the subgrade reaction modulus and the soil N-SPT value is examined by conducting numerical analyses of 34 pile cyclic lateral load tests in Jakarta. In each analysis, the pile is modeled as a series of beam elements, while the surrounding soil is modeled as a series of linear elastic springs. The moduli are varied according to the N-SPT values recorded in the associated deep boring data. In each load cycle, a trial and error process is conducted to match the resulting pile head lateral deflection to the measured value. The resulting correlation between the subgrade reaction modulus and the pile lateral deflection is presented for the 34 case studies and compared to a correlation in the literature. Furthermore, the analyses reveal that subgrade reaction modulus is affected by the magnitude of measured deflection, by the applied lateral loads, as well as by the construction methods.
Highlights
Foundations are designed to transfer loads from the upperstructures to soil, and their stability and serviceability have to be ensured
The allowable lateral resistance is typically governed by the allowable lateral deflection, and the lateral resistance could be determined by performing relevant analyses and conduction field load tests
The soil surrounding the pile is represented by a series of springs having certain lateral subgrade reaction modulus, and the soil deformation at any depth is affected by the corresponding soil reaction
Summary
Foundations are designed to transfer loads from the upperstructures to soil, and their stability and serviceability have to be ensured. The allowable lateral resistance is typically governed by the allowable lateral deflection, and the lateral resistance could be determined by performing relevant analyses and conduction field load tests. One of the methods to analyse pile lateral deflection is the subgrade reaction method In this method, the soil surrounding the pile is represented by a series of springs having certain lateral subgrade reaction modulus (kh), and the soil deformation at any depth is affected by the corresponding soil reaction. The most common field soil test is the standard penetration tests (SPTs), and the subgrade reaction modulus could be correlated to the output of the SPTs. The aim of this research is to develop the correlation between soil lateral subgrade reaction modulus (kh) and N-SPT values. The development is based on a series of cyclic lateral load test results. The resulting correlation is discussed relative to similar correlations available in the literature
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