Pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma treatment results

Abstract

Aim. To assess the pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma treatment results. Methods. 22 patients (44 eyes) aged 16 to 38 years (male - 12, female - 10) were observed. Pigmentary glaucoma was diagnosed in 12 eyes, pigment dispersion syndrome - in 32 eyes. Visual acuity testing, visual field testing, biomicroscopy, ocular tonometry and tonography, ophthalmoscopy, gonioscopy, scanning laser ophtalmoscopy, computed perimetry were performed. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 10 years. All patients underwent laser iridotomy. All patients were treated with anti-glaucoma medications and antioxidants unless intraocular pressure was compensated. Results. Intraocular pressure was lowered to normal in 26 out of 44 eyes. Intraocular pressure was compensated on the rest of 18 eyes using treatment with local pressure-lowering medications and antioxidants. Laser iridotomy allowed to remove the anatomical predisposition (the main pathogenetic link) leading to additional pigment deposition and intraocular pressure increase. Prolonged use of antioxidants has resulted in tear outflow drainage and normalization level of intraocular pressure. Conclusion. Early diagnosis of the pigment dispersion syndrome and proper treatment tactics allows to prevent the pigmentary glaucoma development and to preserve the vision.