Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a hybrid generator, derived from the concurrent adoption of piezoelectric and triboelectric mechanisms in one press-and-release cycle, called a Hybridized Self-Powered sensor (HSPS). A new integration of print circuit board (PCB) technology-based piezoelectric generator (PG) concurrently adopted the direct-write, near-field electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nano/micro-fibers as piezoelectric source materials. On the other hand, triboelectric nanogenerators have the advantages of a high output performance with a simple structure which is also concurrently combined with the PG. The working mechanism of the HSPS includes the PCB-based substrate mounted with parallel aligned piezoelectric PVDF fibers in planar configuration which first bended and generated the electric potential via the effect of piezoelectricity. In what follows, the deformation of a cylindrical rolled-up piezoelectric structure is exercised, and finally, the triboelectric contact of Cu and PTFE layers is physically rubbed against each other with a separation to induce the triboelectric potential. This hybridized generator with a double domed shape design simultaneously combines piezoelectric output and triboelectric output and offers a built-in spacer with automatically spring back capability, which produces a peak output voltage of 100 V, a current of 4 μA, and a maximum power output of 450 nW. A self-powered smart window system was experimentally driven through finger-induced strain of HSPS, showing the optical properties with reversibly tunable transmittances. This research is a substantial advancement in the field of piezoelectric PVDF fibers integration toward the practical application of the whole self-powered system.
Highlights
Concentrative research on renewable or green energy has been actively performed to mitigate the ever-increasing energy issues.[1,2,3,4,5] One of the missing pieces for the green energy lies in the massively wasted mechanical energy, primarily the bio-mechanical energy ubiquitously available in the modern civilization
Due to the advantageous characteristics, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric NMFs have been previously demonstrated as human motion sensors.[25]
Several limitations pose the severe challenges for the self-powered electronics such as considerably low output power, long-time structural endurability, unfavorable massive production, and the adaptability for small mechanical force.[33]
Summary
Concentrative research on renewable or green energy has been actively performed to mitigate the ever-increasing energy issues.[1,2,3,4,5] One of the missing pieces for the green energy lies in the massively wasted mechanical energy, primarily the bio-mechanical energy ubiquitously available in the modern civilization. And triboelectrically hybridized self-powered sensor with applications to smart window and human motion detection
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