Abstract
During dental sinus lift surgery, it is important to monitor the thickness of the remaining maxilla to avoid perforating the sinus membrane. Therefore, a sensor should be integrated into ultrasonic dental tools to prevent undesirable damage. This paper presents a piezoelectric (PZT) sensor installed in an ultrasonic transducer to measure the stiffness of high and low materials. Four design types using three PZT ring materials and a split PZT for actuator and sensor ring materials were studied. Three sensor locations were also examined. The voltage signals of the sensor and the displacement of the actuator were analyzed to distinguish the low and high stiffness. Using sensor type T1 made of the PZT-1 material and the front location A1 provided a high sensitivity of 2.47 Vm/kN. The experimental results demonstrated that our design can measure soft and hard stiffness.
Highlights
Ultrasonic dental tools have been used extensively in scaling, micro-invasive implants, and other oral surgeries [1,2,3]
The results show that the signal of the sensor location A3 was distorted at high input voltage; it was found that the glue become unstable under high temperature approximately 130 °C which exceeding the recommend temperature of operation
The experimental data showed that the location and the type of the sensor affected the sensitivity of the sensor and the displacement of the transducer
Summary
Ultrasonic dental tools have been used extensively in scaling, micro-invasive implants, and other oral surgeries [1,2,3]. Ultrasonic dental tools have many benefits, such as good cutting. Sensors 2015, 15 precision, fine capability for teeth removal, simplicity of operation, and low pain effects. Several types of ultrasonic measuring devices have been developed to diagnose dental health [6,7,8], these instruments cannot be operated simultaneously with the ultrasonic dental tool. It is necessary to integrate a sensor into ultrasonic dental tools to avoid undesirable damage. Feng [10,11] suggested recording mechanical vibrations by installing a piezoelectric (PZT) sensor in the horn to detect them
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