Abstract
On the basis of solid state reaction eutectic behavior between Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PMN–PZT) and metastable perovskite-type Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 (BZT), perovskite-structured PMN–PZT–BZT quaternary solid solution piezoceramics with various compositions were experimentally demonstrated with an intrinsic low sintering temperature in the windows of 950–1050 °C. These fine-grained densified PMN–PZT–BZT ceramics were able to be poled sufficiently at room temperature through polarization–electric field hysteresis loop measurement, different from normal poling treatment with DC bias field at high temperature, which will simplify future device processing of monolithic multilayer piezoceramic transducers. A typical piezoelectric property of dielectric constant ε33T/ε0 = 3471, piezoelectric constant d33 = 480 pC/N, planar coupling coefficient kp = 0.41, thickness coupling coefficient kt = 0.50, mechanical quality factor Qm = 68 and relaxor ferroelectric phase transition temperature Tm = 167 °C at 1 MHz was obtained for the fine-grained densified Pb0.96Sr0.04(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.37Zr0.24Ti0.39O3+3%Bi(Zn0.5Ti0.5)O3+2%NiO ceramics sintered at 1020 °C, which is much promising to manufacture monolithic multilayer piezoelectric transducers with Ag95/Pd5 as inner electrode material.
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