Piezocatalyzed Decarboxylative Acylation of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones Using Ball Milling

Abstract

The first piezochemically driven decarboxylative coupling of the C–H bond was developed. The agitation of BaTiO3 via ball milling converts mechanical energy into electrical potential, leading to the production of a benzoyl radical via a single-electron transfer pathway analogous to the photocatalytic reaction. This mechanoredox BaTiO3 catalytic strategy to synthesize C3-acylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones requires no solvent, a short reaction time, and simple handling skills, exhibiting promising potential in large-scale chemical manufacturing.