Piezo electric bone surgery – Review

Abstract

Piezoelectric surgery was first explained by French Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. Piezoelectric bone surgery is a novel osteotomy and osteoplasty technique invented by Professor Vercellotti in 1988 to overcome the limitations of traditional instrumentation in oral bone surgery by modifying and improving conventional ultrasound technology. The cutting action is the result of linear microvibrations, in amplitude between 30 and 200 μm that allow to obtain a micrometer precision in the range of 25-29 KHz modulated ultrasonic resonant frequency. Nerves, vessels, and soft tissue are preserved by the microvibrations (60 to 200 mm/sec), which are optimally adjusted to target only mineralized tissue. It is a minimally invasive osteotomy device to achieve unparallel precision, patient comfort, intra-operative sensitivity, intra-operative visibility, blood free surgical site and reduced damage to the surrounding soft tissues, osteocytes and important structures like nerves, muscles and mucosa. Also Piezosurgery is very useful in harvesting autogenous bone for regenerating periodontal defects. Various treatment modalities are based on removal of etiologic factors and preserving bone architecture. Recently this novel surgical approach has gained popularity in various fields of dental implantology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, endodontics, and orthopedics. This article aims to review the clinical calibre of piezosurgery in the field of periodontology and implant dentistry. Key Words : LESS INVASIVE, PRECISION CUTTING, MICRO VIBRATIONS, FASTER RECOVERY, PIEZO TECHNIQUE