Abstract
We report fabrication and piezo- and pyroelectric characterizations of spark plasma sintered (SPS) lead-free K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> Na <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</sub> NbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> (KNN) ceramics. SPS sintering produced dense KNN (99% of the theoretical density) at sintering temperature as low as 900°C. A significant improvement in the dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties is observed after annealing the sample at 925°C. The measured piezoelectric coefficient d <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">33</sub> and pyroelectric coefficient of poled KNN ceramic are 94 pC/N and 22.84 μCm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , respectively. These values are high enough to focus on the further enhancement of the material properties through adequate control of the phase structure of the material for lead-free energy harvesting applications.
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