PID Control Design Using AGPSO Technique and Its Application in TITO Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant

Abstract

Desalination plants have an important concern regarding controlling the permeate flow rate and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pH</i> during operability. This paper proposes the proportional integral derivative (PID) control design using modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques called autonomous groups PSO (AGPSO) in the two-input two-output (TITO) RO desalination plant to control the permeate flow rate and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pH</i> . Here, three different versions (AGPSO1, AGPSO2, and AGPSO3) of the AGPSO algorithm are utilized to design PID control for the same TITO plant. In addition, an integral time absolute error ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ITAE</sub> ) based objective function is utilized to design a PID controller. The simulation results suggest that the proposed controller designs are flexible, self-tuning, and have stable characteristics, while the AGPSO3-PID control design attained a robust design for optimum tuning compared to existing improved grey wolf optimization PID (IGWO-PID) and other versions of AGPSO based PIDs (AGPSO1-PID, AGPSO2-PID). The design of AGPSO-PID achieved a minimum objective function than existing IGWO-PID and other versions of AGPSO based PIDs {AGPSO1-PID, AGPSO2-PID}. Finally, the proposed controller designs outperform the existing IGWO-PID design in literature in terms of control performance, demonstrating a precise control for and the improvement of plant performance.