Abstract
Professor Hamburg's lecture focuses on understanding what is happening to the endothelium in patients with diabetes. The many previous cohort studies have shown that vascular dysfunction predicts cardiovascular disease and that it really reflects an early event in the pathogenesis of therosclerosis, myocardial dysfunction, hypertension, and stroke. According to her own studies and the recent researches reveal that there is a particular association between diabetes mellitus and microvascular dysfunction reflected by abnormal Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ratio and reactive hyperemia. And further, she carried out a series of studies using the ability to collect endothelial cells from patients to show that endothelial phenotype is altered in patients with diabetes, with loss of insulin signaling, loss of nitric oxide, and activation of inflammation. And it is suggested that this is a platform to understand how interventions might benefit the endothelial cells in patients with diabetes at cardiovascular standpoint.
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