Abstract

A pictorial concept specifies a class of pictures with certain common structures and properties. Pictorial concepts (or picture specifications) are useful in various applications of graphical interfaces, and specification mechanisms have been proposed to allow putting concepts together to define new concepts with further logical constraints. We present a new approach to construction of pictorial concepts in a structured manner based on a type-theoretic framework, which provides a richer specification language with abstraction mechanisms by means of which classes of pictures with more sophisticated structures can be specified in a clear and natural way. In particular, the approach allows us to study, define and use pictorial concepts at a higher level of abstraction so that powerful and useful operations over pictorial concepts can be defined and systematically used to form sophisticated pictorial concepts. A concept-supporting graphical system has been designed on the basis of the theoretical framework and an experimental implementation is described. The system supports users' definition of pictorial concepts without requiring programming expertise, and realizes concept-checking. This provides valuable support to a flexible use of pictorial concepts, which is important in effective and systematic use of pictures as meaningful visual expressions.

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