Abstract
A three-dimensional PIC simulation of a 35 GHz, 200 kW two cavity gyroklystron amplifier has been performed to study the electron beam and RF wave interaction behavior using a commercial PIC code 'MAGIC'. The electromagnetic field analysis of the RF structure in the absence of the electron beam and beam-wave interaction study in the presence of the electron beam have been carried out for the performance evaluation of the device. Electromagnetic field analysis has been done using the eigenmode solver, which ensures the structure operation in the desired TE01 operating mode at 35 GHz frequency. Electron beam and RF wave interaction simulation confirm that the present gyroklystron meet the required specification in terms of output power and gain. Moreover, the particles phase space behavior along the interaction length has been also demonstrated to realize the energy transfer phenomena. An output power around 200 kW at 34.95 GHz with ~35% efficiency and a bandwidth of 0.29% have been obtained considering no spread in electrons velocity. Our simulated result matches with the experimental values within 8%.
Highlights
Conventional microwave tubes, like, klystron, TWT, etc., are not capable of radiating high power in the millimeter and sub millimeter waves range
Efforts to narrow down this technological gap led to research and development of fast-wave microwave tubes operating in the millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave frequency bands, for instance, gyrotron-devices based on cyclotron resonance maser (CRM) and Weibel instabilities
In order to study the electron beam and RF wave interaction mechanism in a two-cavity gyroklystron, firstly, the desired mode of operation at the desired operating frequency is selected by simulating the structure in the absence of the electron beam
Summary
Conventional microwave tubes, like, klystron, TWT, etc., are not capable of radiating high power in the millimeter and sub millimeter waves range. In the W band regime, a four-cavity gyroklystron amplifier producing 100 kW peak power and 10 kW average power at center frequency around 94 GHz with a bandwidth 700 MHz has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, USA for new high power radar named WARLOC [8]. Zasypkin et al at the Institute of Applied Physics, Russia reported the experimental results of a 93.2 GHz gyroklystron amplifier operating in TE021 mode [9] In this experiment, a peak output power of 340 kW with 27% efficiency, 23 dB saturated gain, and 0.41% (380 MHz) bandwidth was obtained using a 75 kV, 17 A electron beam [9]. The results obtained from the present study are validated with the experimental results reported in the literature [5]
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