Abstract
Oil pollution leads to profound changes of soil properties resulting in disturbing its fertility. Loss of soil fertility is related to the direct influence of herbicide light oil fractions and with the deterioration agrochemical, agrophysical and biological properties of soils. Hydrophobic components by covering the plant roots sharply worsen getting water, causing their death. The primary criterion for soil toxicity is the evaluation of seed germination and the number of sprouted seeds. Therefore the study aims at defining toxic effect of diesel fuel polluted soils of different granulometric composition in laboratory conditions. To investigate the problem the authors have chosen gray and brown forest soils of Lviv region. The soil for research was collected from the root layer of natural areas at depths up to 20 cm. Cress-salad was chosen as test plant. In the course of study toxicity diesel fuel polluted brown and gray forest soils in laboratory conditions have been researched. Based on the results graphics depending exposure of concentrations of diesel fuel in the soil on the growth characteristics of cress-salad were constructed. It is ascertained that diesel fuel pollution of soils has a negative impact on growth of cress-salad stems. One percent of soil pollution accompanied by decrease of stem height for gray forest soil by 4 times as compared with the control. Further increasing the concentration of diesel fuel in the studied soils is accompanied by increased levels of toxicity. Thus we may conclude that diesel fuel pollution of brown and gray forest soils inhibits the growth of root length and stem height of cress-salad. The authors have evaluated that for identical pollution concentrations of diesel fuel in soil, greater toxic effect on the root length and height of the stem cress-salad in gray forest soils is revealed. Increase of the concentration of diesel fuel pollution in gray forest soils causes a significant decrease in stem height and root length of cress-salad. For the similar concentration of pollution, phytotoxic effect of action diesel fuel at stem height of cress-salad in gray forest soil is 20-60 % higher, than in brown forest soil. These phytotoxicity indicators can be used to substantiate the safe level of petroleum products in the soil.
Highlights
Завдання проведених досліджень полягає порівняно фітотоксичності сірого та бурого лісових ґрунтів, забруднених дизельним паливом, на прикладі крес-салату.
На ґрунтах, забруднених ДП, як і в разі забруднення газовим конденсатом (Babadzhanova & Sukach, 2017), у концентрації вище 5 % проростання насіння крес-салату не виявлено.
Результати дослідження щодо впливу різних концентрацій нафтопродукту в бурому і сірому лісових ґрунтах на характеристики довжини кореня та висоти стебла крес-салату показано на рис.
Summary
Завдання проведених досліджень полягає порівняно фітотоксичності сірого та бурого лісових ґрунтів, забруднених дизельним паливом, на прикладі крес-салату. На ґрунтах, забруднених ДП, як і в разі забруднення газовим конденсатом (Babadzhanova & Sukach, 2017), у концентрації вище 5 % проростання насіння крес-салату не виявлено. Результати дослідження щодо впливу різних концентрацій нафтопродукту в бурому і сірому лісових ґрунтах на характеристики довжини кореня та висоти стебла крес-салату показано на рис.
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