Phytosynthetic Fabrication of Lanthanum Ion-Doped Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Using Sesbania grandiflora Leaf Extract and Their Anti-Microbial Properties

Srihasam Saiganesh,Hesham Almoallim,Lebaka Reddy,Arifullah Mohammed,Koduru Mallikarjuna,Sulaiman Alhari,Golla Narasimha,Thyagarajan Krishnan,Vattikuti Prabhakar

doi:10.3390/cryst11020124

Abstract

Over the past few years, the photogenic fabrication of metal oxide nanoparticles has attracted considerable attention, owing to the simple, eco-friendly, and non-toxic procedure. Herein, we fabricated NiO nanoparticles and altered their optical properties by doping with a rare earth element (lanthanum) using Sesbania grandiflora broth for antibacterial applications. The doping of lanthanum with NiO was systematically studied. The optical properties of the prepared nanomaterials were investigated through UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS) analysis, and their structures were studied using X-ray diffraction analysis. The morphological features of the prepared nanomaterials were examined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, their elemental structure was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectral analysis, and their oxidation states were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the antibacterial action of NiO and La-doped NiO nanoparticles was studied by the zone of inhibition method for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus sublitis. It was evident from the obtained results that the optimized compound NiOLa-04 performed better than the other prepared compounds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the phytosynthetic fabrication of rare-earth ion Lanthanum (La3+)-doped Nickel Oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and their anti-microbial studies.

Highlights

Transition metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), such as Cu2 O, MnO2, Nickel Oxide (NiO), TiO2, Co3 O4, SnO2, and Fe2 O3, are excellent candidates for use in electrocatalytic activity as they promote electron-transfer reactions and in medicinal applications
Note here that no peaks related to other crystalline phases were found in these spectra at the resolution limit of the apparatus, indicating that the structure of NiO was not altered by lanthanum doping
La-doped NiO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized in Sesbania grandiflora leaf extract

Summary

Introduction

Transition metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), such as Cu2 O, MnO2 , NiO, TiO2 , Co3 O4, SnO2, and Fe2 O3 , are excellent candidates for use in electrocatalytic activity as they promote electron-transfer reactions and in medicinal applications. Semiconductor nanoparticles such as NiO are promising materials in advanced research because of their utility in catalysis, gas sensors, and optoelectronics [1,2]. Metal oxides are low-cost materials for a wide range of optical applications and NiO is a p-type semiconductor with a wide bandgap (3.6–4.0 eV) [3,4]. Owing to its excellent chemical stability and its magnetic and optical properties, NiO has been tested as an active material for use in chemical sensors [5,6], pseudo-capacitor electrodes [7], photocathodes in dye-sensitized solar cells [8], catalysts [9], magnetic materials [10], and random-access memory devices [11,12]. The development of clean, non-toxic, and eco-friendly techniques has resulted in the observation of biological systems [13,14]

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Conclusion