Phytosanitary features of pea morphotypes under the conditions of the Tyumen region

Abstract

The selection material and finished varieties of peas for sowing different morphotypes of the grain direction were assessed for the formation of a phytosanitary state and productivity, and the effectiveness of protection methods. During the growing season, leaf and stem diseases were observed with varying degrees of development and timing of manifestation (p. Ascochyta, p. Uromyces, p. Erysiphe communis G) with development depending on the year and genus of the pathogen from 0.2-40%. The development of the river. Ascochyta - 10-20%, r. Erysiphe - 11-49%, p. Uromyces - 0.2-20%. Some resistance was determined in 22% of varieties p. Erysiphe communis G., 11% p. Ascochyta and 14% p. Uromyces. The yield for the period of study of pea varieties of the sowing grain direction varied from 3.2 to 4.6 t/ha, stable yields in the morphogroup chameleon with an increase of 0.64 t/ha or 17% to the standard. Protection of peas requires mandatory pre-sowing treatment with a chemical disinfectant, a biological preparation with the inclusion of an agrochemical in the mixture, which contributes to the development of the root system, activation of growth vigor, and a 70-90% reduction in pathogenic fungi on seeds and roots. Fungicidal protection in the budding phase - the formation of beans contributed to the preservation of the crop by 0.3-0.4 t/ha.