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Abstract
Management of aquaculture wastewater is still the major problems in fisheries, especially in intensive systems. Intensively aquaculture activities often increase organic matter and nutrients (N and P) in the water. The study was conducted to evaluate the phytoremediator performance of Echinodorus amazonicus and Echinodorus palaefolius in removing inorganic nitrogen and orthophosphate from aquaculture wastewater with the recirculation system. This study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and 3 replications. The treatments of this study were P1: E. amazonicus, P2: E. palaefolius and P3: control (without aquatic plants). The tested fish were elvers which average weight 6.98 ± 0.19 g, and fish density was 4 gL-1. Elvers reared in an aquarium that containing 48 L in a recirculation system. The paste feed which protein level of 45.25% was given at satiation 3 times/day. Elvers reared for 60 days. The results showed that E. palaefolius significantly reduced concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3) and orthophosphate (PO4) with an efficiency of 27.10 ± 2.42%; 45.03 ± 9.77%; 20.94 ± 1.29% and 14.19 ± 3.05%, respectively higher than E. amazonicus and control. The best result of elver’s performance (SGR and FCR) was in treatment P2 (E. palaefolius), i.e. 1.19 ± 0.18% and 1.57 ± 0.30. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of E. palaefolius as phytoremediator in eel culture with recirculation system can removed inorganic nitrogen and orthophosphate more optimal compared to other treatment.
Highlights
Increasing freshwater fish production could be achieved through intensificationor increase in fish density per unit area of culture tank
High stocking density in intensive fish culture leads to the high quantity of feed given to fish results in accumulation of organic matter in fish tank
2018, Phytoremediation of Eel rearing wastewater culture that contains organic matter will decompose into inorganic materials that can be used by plants as nutrient for growth (Effendi et al 2015)
Summary
Increasing freshwater fish production could be achieved through intensificationor increase in fish density per unit area of culture tank. One of themanagement efforts to improve water quality and optimize the use of fish culture water can be done by performing phytoremediation technology through recirculation. 2018, Phytoremediation of Eel rearing wastewater culture that contains organic matter will decompose into inorganic materials that can be used by plants as nutrient for growth (Effendi et al 2015). The advantage of phytoremediation compared to other waste treatment technology includes the natural process, lower cost, organic matter reduction, the synergy between plants, cultured fish, and environment, and does not require high technology (Paz-Alberto and Sigua, 2013). Phytoremediator commonly used is still vegetable plant like water spinach, spinach, and tomato (Ebeling et al, 2006) This phytoremediator is technically useful but economically provides relatively less benefit due to the low price of vegetable product. It is necessary to find other phytoremediators, which is able to improve the water quality of culture media besides having quite high economic value, such as freshwater aquarium plant
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