Abstract
Phytoplasma and virus detection in commercial plantings of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot exhibiting premature berry dehydration
Highlights
Financial support: Grape and Wine Chilean Consortium Project No 05CTE01-03, 07Genoma01 and Millennium Nucleus for Plant Functional Genomics (P06-009-F)
Known as premature berry dehydration (PBD), which is characterized by plant growth reduction, induction of general senescence and pedicel necrosis in the fruit, causing significant reductions in vineyard production
A phytoplasma was detected by electron microscopy and nested PCR while virus infections were diagnosed by RT-PCR in samples collected during two growing seasons
Summary
Financial support: Grape and Wine Chilean Consortium Project No 05CTE01-03, 07Genoma and Millennium Nucleus for Plant Functional Genomics (P06-009-F). Known as premature berry dehydration (PBD), which is characterized by plant growth reduction, induction of general senescence and pedicel necrosis in the fruit, causing significant reductions in vineyard production The causes of this disease remain unclear and previous reports suggest that it may be associated with phloem disruption and water provision. Chilean summer temperatures and the common practice of reduced irrigation usually increases dehydration episodes and wines obtained from surviving plants present an unbalanced sweet/acid ratio and poor organoleptic complexity This disorder has been observed in other cultivars of V. vinifera. In the Syrah cultivar, the principle cause appears to be cuticle disruption leading to high transpiration rates (Rogiers et al 2004) and xylem back flow (Tyerman et al 2004) In these cases, weight loss was unrelated to the irrigation regime, seasonal differences and root stocks. Shiraz showed reduced hydraulic resistivity at the proximal end of the pedicel, whereas post veraison cv
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