Phytonematodes associated with the yellowing disease of Javanese long pepper plants in Sumenep, East Java

Abstract

One of the major pathogen infecting the Javanese long pepper plantation is phytonematode. This study aims to identify the population of phytonematodes associated with the yellowing disease of Javanese long pepper. Root and soil samples were collected from Javanese long pepper with monoculture and polyculture cropping systems purposively in Sumenep Regency, East Java Province. Phytonematodes were extracted from root samples by mist chamber technique and soil samples by centrifugation flotation technique. Morphology character was observed from the permanent nematode slides. Based on morphological characters, six phytonematodes were found in the root and soil of Javanese long pepper, namely Paratylenchus nanus, Meloidogyne spp., Rotylenchulus reniformis, Rotylenchulus parvus, Coslenchus paramaritus, and Coslenchus cancellatus. The highest phytonematode population from root extraction is P. nanus with an average of 165 nematodes/10 g roots. R. reniformis was the highest phytonematode population from soil extraction with an average of 1314 nematodes/100 ml soil.