Abstract
This article describes the use of phytomonitoring equipment in kiwifruit orchards in Chile. Plant growth and fruit development responses to water stress strategies are analyzed, with actual data obtained from a phytomonitor installed within a commercial orchard. Continuous monitoring of trunk, cane and fruit diameter, leaf temperature, stem sap flow velocity, soil moisture and microclimatic data (incident radiation, air temperature, wind conditions and relative air humidity) are made possible by using phytomonitoring sensors and special software. Phytomonitor Information is compared with data obtained from a conventional automatic weather station, soil tensiometers and neutron moisture probes. Normal and deficit irrigation periods are evaluated, concluding that the use of phytomonitoring techniques in irrigation management represent a significant and comprehensive breakthrough in the evaluation of plant responses to soil water availability. Este trabajo describe el uso de equipos de fitomonitoreo en un huerto de kiwi en Chile. El crecimiento vegetativo y el desarrollo de los frutos en respuesta a estrategias de riego deficitario, se analizan con datos recolectados por una bateria de sensores instalados en el interior de una plantacion comercial. Estos sensores permiten la medicion continua del diametro de troncos, brotes y frutos, asi como la temperatura foliar, el flujo de savia en el tronco, el contenido de agua en el suelo y datos microclimaticos (radiacion incidente, temperatura y humedad relativa del aire, e intensidad y direccion del viento. La informacion recolectada por los sensores es procesada con un sistema computacional especialmente disenado con este proposito. La informacion obtenida con el fitomonitor se compara con informacion obtenida de una estacion meteorologica automatica convencional, tensiometros y neutrometro de humedad del suelo. Se evaluan periodos de riego normal, alternados con eventos de riego deficitario, concluyendose que el uso de las tecnicas de fitomonitoreo para la programacion del riego representan un avance tecnologico significativo en la evaluacion de las respuestas de las plantas a las condiciones de disponibilidad hidrica.
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