Abstract
ABSTRACTPhytohormones (also named as plant hormones) are chemicals produced by plants in order to modulate various aspects of plant development, stress responses and defence. Recent studies revealed that fungi can also produce phytohormones or phytohormone-mimiking molecules, while it remains poorly understood about the details in the role and regulatory mechanism of such fungal produced phytohormonal molecules in plant-fungus interactions. The rice-blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae imposes a great threat to global food security. Intensive investigation has been conducted to elucidate M. oryzae pathogenicity and rice (Oryza sativa L.) defense mechanism against blast disease, in order to provide theoretical basis and/or identify potential target(s) for developing novel disease control strategies, as well as for breeding of resistance varieties. Phytohormones have been demonstrated to play conserved and divergent roles in fine-tuning the balance of rice growth and immunity towards M. oryzae. Meanwhile, M. oryzae evolved elaborate strategy to manipulate the rice phytohormones metabolism, or even directly produce and secrete phytohormones, during their invasion process. In this review, we discuss the chemical communication in term of phytohormones in M. oryzae-rice pathosystem.
Highlights
Plants dynamically response to environmental stimuli, including pathogen invasion
Recent studies revealed that fungi can produce phytohormones or phytohormone-mimiking molecules, while it remains poorly understood about the details in the role and regulatory mechanism of such fungal produced phytohormonal molecules in plant-fungus interactions
Phytohormones are small molecules produced by plants to regulate growth and development in response to various physiological or environmental stimuli, simulate a language used by plants for better communication among different parts
Summary
Plants dynamically response to environmental stimuli, including pathogen invasion. A sophisticated coevolution is indicated in parasitic association between fungi and plants, involving mutual perceptions and reactions (Jones and Dangl 2006). CKs, BRs, ABA and GA are mainly involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development, including root and shoot growth, flowering, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, seeds dormancy and germination, etc, but they may participate in disease resistance through SA, JAs or ET signaling regulation (Jiang et al 2013; Verma et al 2016; Nolan et al 2017). We discuss the recent advances on fungal manipulation of, and fungal-derived, auxin, CKs, ABA, and JAs, in M. oryzae-rice pathosystem.
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