Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to find out effect of gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and sodium nitroprusside as nitric oxide donor (NO) separately or in combination to mitigate the deviations in physiological parameters evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage. Maize seeds after soaking in 10-4 M of above mention chemicals were sown in pots filled with soil. The leaves were sampled at post germination stage. Results indicated that under drought stress, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents increased significantly while chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b remained unchanged at 5% level of significance. Pre-treatment of solution comprising SA, GA and interaction of GA+SA enhanced the content of these pigments under drought stress. While sodium nitroprusside slightly increased chlorophyll a and b content under drought. Sugar and protein decreased due to drought stress and sugar enhanced due to effect of NO only but protein content did not increase by any one of applying hormones under drought stress. Likewise GA and SA enhanced accumulation of proline which acts as osmolyte and scavenger of free radical to defend cell injury against drought stress. Similarly activities of oxidative enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase increased under drought stress and responded differentially by GA, SA etc, while ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities decreased due to drought stress which became increased by effect of NO. Results revealed that pretreatment of seeds with GA, SA, GA+SA and NO are effective to tolerate the effect of drought stress in maize at post germination stage. Keywords: Drought, Enzymes, Maize, osmolyte, Pigments DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-15-01 Publication date: August 31 st 2021
Highlights
Maize is third most essential cereal crop after wheat and rice
A pot experiment was conducted to find out effect of gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and sodium nitroprusside as nitric oxide donor (NO) separately or in combination to mitigate the deviations in physiological parameters evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage
At post germination gibberellic acid and salicylic acid did not responded in maintaining the drought stress due to their activities in other physiological involvement showing no role at the stage of post germination
Summary
Maize is third most essential cereal crop after wheat and rice. Pakistan maize is main kharif crop of rain-fed as well as irrigated lands. During maize growth period with high possibility of drought more than 35% of crop is planted under rain fed conditions. Abiotic stress affects yield of maize crop and may cause yield reduction more than 50%. The yield of several crops may increase due to decrease in stress made inhibition of growth, leaf area, improved photosynthetic rates and plant dry matter production by treatment of seed and foliar applications of chemicals such as glycinebetaine, kinetin and salicylic acid. Photosynthesis, plants water relation, stomatal regulation and growth under abiotic stress conditions can significantly manage by salicylic acid (Rao et al, 2012). Drought stress resistance in maize increased by exogenous application of GA3 that improved chlorophyll content, maintained membrane permeability, leaf relative water content and macro nutrient content in leaves
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