Phytofabrication of cost-effective selenium nanoparticles from edible and non-edible plant materials of Senna auriculata: Characterization, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, biocompatibility, and wound healing

Abstract

An imbalance of antioxidants and free radicals in the body delays the wound healing process. Ideal acute and chronic wound dressing materials require significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cell migration/proliferation ability to stimulate the wound healing process. The present study was aimed to green synthesize selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) using aqueous extracts of Senna auriculata flower (SAF-SeNPs) and leaves (SAL-SeNPs) for antimicrobial and wound healing process. Se NPs have attracted great attention as an effective antimicrobial agent and also plays an crucial role in improved muscle functions. However, only limited studies on the application of green synthesized selenium nanoparticles on infected wounds has been reported. The synthesized Se NPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, DLS, and Zeta potential analysis. The SAF-SeNPs and SAL-SeNPs exhibited significant antioxidant properties traits by scavenging DPPH and ABTS and also showed promising antidiabetic activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. The green synthesized Se NPs exhibited significant antimicrobial properties against clinically isolated pathogens. The SAF-SeNPs also displayed potential activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and SAL-SeNPs had exhibited significant activity against Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Escherichia coli. Further, SAF-SeNPs and SAL-SeNPs showed no significant cytotoxicity effect on the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line on days 1 and 2 and also showed good hemolytic activity on human red blood cells. Most importantly, treatment of L929 mouse fibroblast cell lines with 20 µg/mL of SAF-SeNPs and SAL-SeNPs promotes 100% faster wound healing at 16 h without any cytotoxicity. Hence, the remarkable antimicrobial and wound healing properties of S. auriculata mediated Se NPs results proposed can be considered as a cost-effective promising candidate for antibacterial treatments and wound healing applications.