Abstract
The present study describes a rapid method for synthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles using callus (CAgNPs) and leaf extracts (LEAgNPs) ofCucumis sativusand evaluation of its wound healing activity in rat model. The prepared silver nanoparticles showed a peak at 350 nm corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance band. The FTIR spectroscopy measurements showed the presence of the possible biomolecules. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the synthesized silver nanoparticles. TEM images showed the size of the synthesized CAgNPs with diameter ranged from 21 nm to 23 nm with polygonal shape whereas, in the case of LEAgNPs, spherical shape was noticed with an average size between 11 nm and 19 nm. The EDX results indicated the chemical composition at specific locations on synthesized nanoparticles. Furthermore the topical application of ointment prepared using synthesized AgNPs was found to show enhanced wound healing activity in Wistar albino rat model. By the 21st day, the ointment base containing 5% (w/w) of silver nanoparticles showed 100% potential wound healing activity than the standard drug as well as control bases. Results strongly showed that the ointment base containing LEAgNPs was found to be very effective in wound repair mechanism in the experimental rats.
Highlights
Nanoparticle synthesis and characterization is an emerging field of nanobiotechnology, due to their huge applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine
Callus Callus boiled Callus leaf methods for extracellular synthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles (CAgNPs and LEAgNPs). Both the callus and leaf extracts were mixed with an aqueous solution of silver nitrate resulting in color change from green to reddish brown depending on the intensity and the size of nanoparticles
The color change was due to the excitation of surface plasmon resonance with the AgNPs [5, 19]
Summary
Nanoparticle synthesis and characterization is an emerging field of nanobiotechnology, due to their huge applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. Earlier reports have described the effect of crude plant extracts on wound healing activity [17]. Bhuvaneswari et al [18] described a method for synthesis of bioactive compound loaded stable silver nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extracts of Naringi crenulata and studied its wound healing activity in experimental rat model. Different medicinal plant extracts as well as nanoparticles have been tried for the wound healing treatment in the recent past, there were no reports on wound healing activity using either crude extracts or the silver nanoparticles synthesized using Cucumis sativus plant extracts so far. The present study was focused on synthesis and characterization of bioactive molecules loaded metallic silver nanoparticles using cucumber callus and leaf extracts and evaluation of its wound healing activity in Wistar albino experimental rat models
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