Phytoextract-mediated synthesis of Ag-doped ZnO–MgO–CaO nanocomposite using Ocimum Basilicum L seeds extract as a highly efficient photocatalyst and evaluation of their biological effects

Abstract

In the current study, Ag-doped ZnO–MgO–CaO nanocomposite (NCPs) was successfully manufactured using Ocimum Basilicum L seeds extract with the new green procedure. This work centralized on phytomediated synthesis and characterization of NCPs and their biological uses. Phytochemicals that exist in the plant extract are responsible for reducing the metal ions into nanoscale materials. The effective formation of the NCPs was approved using different analyses. The UV–Vis spectrum approved the synthesis of NCPs with an absorbance band at 380 nm. The XRD spectrum showed important peaks at 2θ locations, which approved the crystalline nature of NCPs with an average size of 40 nm. The morphology and size of NCPs were measured by FESEM and PSA analyses, which displayed triangular shapes with a size of about 59 nm. Also, NCPs were presented with a potential dye degradation percentage (93%) of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light after 120 min. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of NCPs was investigated against the cancer HeLa and normal L929 cell lines after 24, 48, and 72 h. Also, the IC50 values for cancer HeLa cells at times 48 and 72 h were reported approximately 250 and 500 μg/mL, respectively.