Phytodegradation potential of bisphenolA from aqueous solution by Azolla Filiculoides

Mohammad Ali Zazouli,Davoud Balarak,Edris Bazrafshan,Yousef Mahdavi

doi:10.1186/2052-336x-12-66

Abstract

Many organic hazardous pollutants such as bisphenolA (BPA) which are toxic and not easily biodegradable can concerns for environmental pollution worldwide. The objective of this study was to examine whether Azolla Filiculoides is able to remove BPA from aqueous solutions. In this study, the Azolla with different biomass (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 g) has been cultured in solution that was contained 5, 10, 25 and 50 ppm BPA. Samples were collected every 2 days from all of containers. The analytical determination of BPA was performed by using of DR4000 uv-visible at λmax = 276 nm. The results indicated that Azolla has high ability to remove BPA from aqueous solutions. The BPA removal was 60-90%. The removal efficiency is increasing with decreasing of BPA concentration and increasing of biomass amount and vice versa. The removal efficiency was more than 90% when BPA concentration was 5 ppm and amount of biomass was 0.9gr. It is concluded that Azolla able remove BPA by Phytodegradation from the aqueous solutions. Since conventional methods of BPA removal need to high cost and energy, phytoremediation by Azolla as a natural treatment system can decrease those issues and it can be a useful and beneficial method to removal of BPA.

Highlights

Increasing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) lead to increasing of public concern [1,2]
The better Azolla growth was observed in ambient temperature
The results indicate that the removal efficiency of BPA was increased by increasing of the amount of Azolla biomass until the entire surface of the containers was not covered

Summary

Introduction

Increasing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) lead to increasing of public concern [1,2]. The molecular structure of bisphenolA (BPA) is shown in Figure 1 [9]. Even in low concentration (1- 10 mg/l), the BPA has many adverse effects on environment and aquatic life such as toxicity on toxicity on algae, invertebrates and fishes [10,11]. This compound has harmful effects on human health, including reducing of number and deterioration of sperm quality in males, abnormal or delayed development of male reproductive organs such as retained testis and hypospadias, increasing incidence of prostate cancer, breast cancer and endometriosis with the associated.

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Conclusion