Phytochemistry and Comprehensive Chemical Profiling Study of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in the Aerial Parts of Allium Mongolicum Regel and Their Intestinal Motility Evaluation.

Yongzhe Dong,Yi Zhang,Mimi Hao,Zhijuan Ding,Jingya Ruan,Hongyu Jiang,Ying Zhang,Wei Zhao,Tao Wang

doi:10.3390/molecules25030577

Yongzhe Dong, Yi Zhang + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030577

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Abstract

To clarify whether flavonoids and phenols in Allium mongolicum Regel have the effect of improving gastrointestinal function and analyze its quality, this study was designed to isolate and identify them from the aerial parts of A. mongolicum by using various chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, a bioassay on motility of mouse isolated intestine tissue, as well as qualitative analysis using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. As a result, 31 flavonoids and phenolic acids were obtained and identified, including six new flavonoid glycosides, mongoflavonosides A1 (1), A2 (2), A3 (3), A4 (4), B1 (5), B2 (6), and four new phenolic acid glycosides, mongophenosides A1 (7), A2 (8), A3 (9), B (10). Among them, eleven flavonoids and three phenolic acids showed significant increase in the height of mouse small intestinal muscle. It was a first systematic bioactive constituents’ study for A. mongolicum on gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, according to the retention time (tR) and the exact mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), thirty-one compounds were unambiguously identified by comparing to the standard references by using LC-MS. Then, on the basis of generalized rules of MS/MS fragmentation pattern, chromatographic behaviors, as well as biosynthetic laws of the 31 isolates, five flavonoid glycosides and one phenolic acid glycoside were tentatively speculated. On the basis of the study, a fast analysis method for flavonoids and phenolic acids in A. mongolicum was established.

Highlights

Flavonoids and phenolic acids are secondary metabolites found in most Allium vegetables, such as onion (Allium cepa L.) [1], scallion (Allium fistulosum L.) [2], garlic (Allium sativum L.) [3], fruits, and traditional medicine
AMH was further fractionated by column chromatography (CC) and purified by HPLC to afford six new flavonoid glycosides, named as mongoflavonosides A1 –A4 (1–4), B1 (5), B2 (6), four new phenolic acid glycosides, named as mongophenosides A1 –A3 (7–9), B (10) (Figure 1), along with known compounds, kaempferol-3,7,40 -tri-O-β-glucoside
23’, and 27’, we discovered the effect of sugar substitution position on thephytochemistry chromatographic retention (tR) was 3,7,4’-tri-O-Glc

Summary

Introduction

Flavonoids and phenolic acids are secondary metabolites found in most Allium vegetables, such as onion (Allium cepa L.) [1], scallion (Allium fistulosum L.) [2], garlic (Allium sativum L.) [3], fruits, and traditional medicine. They exert multiple biological properties, such as antitumor [4,5]. As a traditional Mongolian medicinal herb, Allium mongolicum Regel (Liliaceae family) is mainly found in the high altitude desert of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui. Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Gansu, and Shanxi provinces [12], and has various special properties, such as stimulating the appetite, lowering blood pressure, hypolipidemic, replenishing the kidneys, and acting as an aphrodisiac [7]. Though it has been used to stimulate the appetite, studies were mainly focused on animal cultivation and improvement on meat products [12,13,14] up until now

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