Phytochemicals, chemical composition and antioxidants profile of the crude extracts and essential oil of Mitracarpus scaber (Goga masu)

Abstract

Nowadays, more and more interests are focused on compounds that inhibit reactions promoted by free radicals. The study shows the phytochemicals constituents, chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of crude extracts and essential oils from Mitracarpus scaber. Phytochemical screening of crude methanolic extract of plant revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, essential oil and glycosides. Bioactive compounds present in essential oil Mitracarpus scaber of were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-eight compounds were identified including phenolic and alcoholic compounds, as well as fatty acids. The components with highest concentration were azetidine, 1-benzyl-3, 3-dimethyl-2-phenyl- (9.60%) and 7-Heneicosane (4.61%). The antioxidant activities (DPPH, FRAP and hydrogen peroxide) were measured via spectrophotometry. The DPPH, H2O2 and FRP activities increased with increasing crude extract and essential oil content. The above extract and the essential oil have shown the significant scavenging activities when compared with standard ascorbic acid. However, the essential oil is considered to be better radical scavengers than methanolic extract. Our results suggest that essential oil from Mitracarpus scaber are a good source of natural products with antioxidant properties for potential therapeutic, nutraceutical and functional food applications.